Management of prediabetes from the perspective of Spanish physicians and community pharmacists: Detecta2 study.

INTRODUCTION: Prediabetes is a high-risk state for diabetes. The study aims to describe routine clinical practice and the views of physicians and pharmacists on prediabetes management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 410 physicians and 393 pharmacists completed the questionnaire. Self-adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) was reported by 51.5% and 23.2% of physicians and pharmacists, respectively. Less than 60% of participants defined prediabetes according to main CPG. Regarding the use of screening strategies to detect prediabetes (physicians: 96%; pharmacists: 42.1%), reports indicate the opportunistic strategy is widely employed (≥75%) whereas systematic screening is unusual (<20%). Changes in lifestyle were deemed essential by almost all participants (≥95%), but in clinical practice only 58.3% of healthcare centers and 28.0% of pharmacies were found to provide awareness-raising/instruction. The role of pharmacists in the prevention of prediabetes/diabetes was judged useful by most participants. CONCLUSIONS: Use of CPG, systematic prediabetes screening strategies, and specific strategies for patient education are scarce. The support of community pharmacists in prediabetes management was well valued. Therefore, it is crucial that the lines of action followed by both physicians and pharmacists align with each other and with the CPG.

Management of prediabetes from the perspective of Spanish physicians and community pharmacists: Detecta2 study.

INTRODUCTION: Prediabetes is a high-risk state for diabetes. The study aims to describe routine clinical practice and the views of physicians and pharmacists on prediabetes management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 410 physicians and 393 pharmacists completed the questionnaire. Self-adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) was reported by 51.5% and 23.2% of physicians and pharmacists, respectively. Less than 60% of participants defined prediabetes according to main CPG. Regarding the use of screening strategies to detect prediabetes (physicians: 96%; pharmacists: 42.1%), reports indicate the opportunistic strategy is widely employed (≥75%) whereas systematic screening is unusual (<20%). Changes in lifestyle were deemed essential by almost all participants (≥95%), but in clinical practice only 58.3% of healthcare centers and 28.0% of pharmacies were found to provide awareness-raising/instruction. The role of pharmacists in the prevention of prediabetes/diabetes was judged useful by most participants. CONCLUSIONS: Use of CPG, systematic prediabetes screening strategies, and specific strategies for patient education are scarce. The support of community pharmacists in prediabetes management was well valued. Therefore, it is crucial that the lines of action followed by both physicians and pharmacists align with each other and with the CPG.

Consenso sobre la detección y el manejo de la prediabetes. Grupo de Trabajo de Consensos y Guías Clínicas de la Sociedad Española de Diabetes / Consensus on the detection and management of prediabetes. Consensus and Clinical Guidelines Working Group of the Spanish Diabetes Society

En España, según datos del estudio Di@bet.es, un 13,8% de la población adulta padece diabetes y un 14,8% algún tipo de prediabetes (intolerancia a la glucosa, glucemia basal alterada o ambas). Puesto que la detección precoz de la prediabetes puede facilitar la puesta en marcha de medidas terapéuticas que eviten su progresión a diabetes, consideramos que las estrategias de prevención en las consultas de atención primaria y especializada deberían consensuarse. La detección de diabetes y prediabetes mediante un cuestionario específico (test de FINDRISC) y/o la determinación de la glucemia basal en pacientes de riesgo permiten detectar los pacientes con riesgo de desarrollar la enfermedad y es necesario considerar cómo debe ser su manejo clínico. La intervención sobre los estilos de vida puede reducir la progresión a diabetes o hacer retroceder un estado prediabético a la normalidad y es una intervención coste-efectiva. Algunos fármacos, como la metformina, también se han mostrado eficaces en reducir la progresión a diabetes aunque no son superiores a las intervenciones no farmacológicas. Finalmente, aunque no hay pruebas sólidas que apoyen la eficacia del cribado en términos de morbimortalidad, sí que se ha observado una mejora de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular. El Grupo de Trabajo de Consensos y Guías Clínicas de la Sociedad Española de Diabetes, ha elaborado unas recomendaciones que han sido consensuadas con la Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición, la Sociedad Española de Endocrinología Pediátrica, la Sociedad Española de Farmacia Comunitaria, la Sociedad Española de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, la Sociedad Española de Médicos Generales, la Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria, la Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna y la Asociación de Enfermería Comunitaria y la Red de Grupos de Estudio de la Diabetes en Atención Primaria

In Spain, according to the Di@bet.es study, 13.8% of the adult population suffers from diabetes and 14.8% from some form of prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose or both). Since early detection of prediabetes can facilitate the implementation of therapeutic measures to prevent its progression to diabetes, we believe that preventive strategies in primary care and specialized clinical settings should be agreed. Screening for diabetes and prediabetes using a specific questionnaire (FINDRISC) and/or the measurement of fasting plasma glucose in high risk patients leads to detecting patients at risk of developing diabetes and it is necessary to consider how they should be managed. The intervention in lifestyle can reduce the progression to diabetes and reverse a prediabetic state to normal and is a cost-effective intervention. Some drugs, such as metformin, have also been shown effective in reducing the progression to diabetes but are not superior to non-pharmacological interventions. Finally, an improvement in some cardiovascular risk factors has been observed although there is no strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of screening in terms of morbility and mortality. The Consensus and Clinical Guidelines Working Group of the Spanish Diabetes Society has issued some recommendations that have been agreed by the Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Sociedad Española de Farmacia Comunitaria, Sociedad Española de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Sociedad Española de Médicos Generales, Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna, Asociación de Enfermería Comunitaria and Red de Grupos de Estudio de la Diabetes en Atención Primaria

Transición del paciente con diabetes tipo 1 desde la Unidad de Diabetes pediátrica a la Unidad de Diabetes de adultos / Transition of adolescents with type 1 diabetes from paediatric to adult Health Care

La transición de los pacientes pediátricos con diabetes tipo 1 (DM1) a Unidades de adultos puede conllevar efectos adversos para la salud de los pacientes si no se hace de forma adecuada. El paso tiene lugar durante la adolescencia, periodo especialmente crítico de la vida caracterizado por cambios específicos tanto psicológicos como fisiológicos, durante el que se incrementa el riesgo de aparición y progresión de las complicaciones crónicas así como de los ingresos relacionados con la DM1. Coincidiendo con el cambio de equipo médico se han objetivado pérdidas en el seguimiento de los pacientes y un empeoramiento en su grado de control metabólico que debemos intentar evitar. Se precisan programas planificados, progresivos y estructurados que incluyan la participación del individuo, de la familia y del servicio de salud para que la transición sea lo más favorable posible. El momento óptimo para hacer el cambio de equipo sanitario es cuando el paciente tenga madurez suficiente para ser casi autónomo en el tratamiento de la DM1, situación que en la mayoría de las personas no se alcanza antes de los 16-18 años. La coordinación entre los profesionales de pediatría y de adultos, la educación grupal, el uso de tecnologías y el abordaje psicosocial favorecen la adherencia y el seguimiento en esta fase de transición. Tras la valoración de las recomendaciones de las Sociedades Científicas Internacionales se propone un modelo de transición consensuado entre las Sociedad Española de Diabetes y la Sociedad Española de Endocrinología Pediátrica

The transition of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) from paediatric health care to adult health care has been recognized as an important and difficult process, with a high risk of interruption of care and associated with poor glycaemic control. Transition to adult units takes place during adolescence in an especially critical period of life with changes, both in psychological and physiological aspects that increase the risk of onset and progression of chronic complications related to T1DM.Adverse outcomes that may affect the health of these patients can appear if transition is not done properly. Previous studies have shown that planned and structured transition programs are required, including the participation of the individual, the family, and the health service. The best time to make the transition is when they are mature enough to be almost capable of managing their T1DM. The majority of patients do not reach this stage before the age of 16-18 years. There should be coordination between professionals of paediatric and adult health care in the planning of this transition. Group education programs, the use of new technologies, and the approach to psychosocial aspects are suggested in order to improve adherence and followup during this period. After assessing the recommendations of some International Scientific Societies, the Spanish Society of Diabetes and the Spanish Society for Pediatric Endocrinology propose following a planned transition model